Gender Gap in STEM: Challenges for Indigenous and Afro-descendant Women in Higher Education

Abstract

This article analyzes the inequalities faced by indigenous and Afro-descendant women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) careers. Using a documentary approach, concepts such as hidden curriculum and intersectionality are examined to understand how implicit norms and practices perpetuate inequality. Specific barriers in access, retention, and professional development are explored. Additionally, the impact of policies and programs aimed at promoting equity is assessed, and antiracist initiatives and empowerment experiences are discussed. The conclusions offer recommendations for public policies and educational practices that promote a more inclusive and equitable environment in higher education.