Desigualdad de oportunidades de graduación universitaria en Argentina (1975 - 2015): efectos del territorio, la clase social de origen y el nivel educativo familiar

Abstract

This paper analyses the incidence of family social origins and residential contexts on inequality of opportunity in university graduation in Argentina and its evolution throughout four birth cohorts born between 1945 and 1985. A quantitative methodology will be used combining data from two secondary sources, the Encuesta Nacional sobre Estructura Social-PISAC for 2015 and the Argentinian National Census of 2010. Descriptive statistical techniques were used: contingency tables, graphs and maps and inferential: log linear and multiple logistic regression models. The main findings are that the scarce expansion of graduation from the university system in the last decades has implied, until now, the growth of class inequality for the youngest cohort, implying more opportunities for people with middle class origins. Educational origin is the most influential variable in university graduation and its effect on inequality of opportunity remains constant throughout birth cohorts. Likewise, the study presents evidence in favor of region of birth and current residence contributing to the delineation of inequality in educational opportunities.